Amazi Yayungurujwe cyangwa Amazi

Ubushakashatsi bumwe (bwakozwe na sosiyete yo kuyungurura amazi) bwagereranije ko Abanyamerika bagera kuri 77% bakoresha uburyo bwo kuyungurura amazi murugo. Isoko ryo gutunganya amazi muri Amerika (2021) riteganijwe kwiyongera buri mwaka miliyari 5.85 z'amadolari. Hamwe nijanisha ryinshi ryabanyamerika bakoresha akayunguruzo k'amazi [1], hagomba kwitabwaho cyane kubibazo byubuzima bishobora guturuka ku kudasimbuza akayunguruzo kawe.

Ubwoko bwa Sisitemu yo Kuzunguza Amazi

Sisitemu enye zambere zifatwa nkizikoresha uburyo bwo kuvura ingingo kuko zitunganya amazi mubice kandi ikayijyana kuri robine imwe. Ibinyuranye, sisitemu yimiturire yose ifatwa nkuburyo bwo kuvura aho bwinjirira, ubusanzwe bukoresha amazi menshi yinjira munzu.

Ukeneye akayunguruzo k'amazi?

Abantu benshi bagura akayunguruzo k'amazi kubera ko bahangayikishijwe nuburyohe cyangwa umunuko, cyangwa kubera ko bishobora kuba birimo imiti yangiza ubuzima, nka gurş.

Intambwe yambere yo kumenya niba akayunguruzo k'amazi gakenewe ni ugushaka isoko y'amazi yo kunywa. Niba amazi yawe yo kunywa aturuka muburyo rusange bwo gutanga amazi rusange, ntushobora gukenera akayunguruzo. Nkuko nabyanditse mbere, sisitemu nini nini nini nini yo gutanga amazi yujuje neza amabwiriza yo kunywa amazi ya EPA. Ibibazo byinshi byamazi yo kunywa bibaho muri sisitemu ntoya yo gutanga amazi namariba yigenga.

Niba hari ikibazo cy uburyohe cyangwa umunuko hamwe namazi yo kunywa, nikibazo cyamazi yo munzu yawe cyangwa uruganda rwamazi? Niba ikibazo kibaye gusa kuri robine zimwe, birashobora kuba umuyoboro wawe murugo; Niba iki kibazo kibaye mumuryango wose, birashobora guterwa nisosiyete yawe yamazi - nyamuneka ubaze cyangwa ikigo cy’ubuzima rusange cyaho.

Amakuru meza nuko ibibazo by uburyohe numunuko mubisanzwe bidatera ibibazo byubuzima. Ariko, ntamuntu ukunda kunywa amazi afite uburyohe cyangwa impumuro mbi, kandi akayunguruzo k'amazi karashobora gufasha cyane mugukemura ibyo bibazo.

Bimwe mubibazo bikunze kuryoha numunuko mumazi yo kunywa ni:

• Impumuro y'ibyuma - mubisanzwe biterwa no kumena ibyuma cyangwa umuringa biva mumiyoboro
• Chlorine cyangwa "imiti" uburyohe cyangwa impumuro - mubisanzwe imikoranire ya chlorine nibintu kama muri sisitemu y'imiyoboro
• Impumuro nziza ya sulfure cyangwa iboze - mubisanzwe biva mubisanzwe hydrogène sulfide iba mumazi yubutaka
• Impumuro nziza cyangwa ifi - ubusanzwe iterwa na bagiteri ikura mu miyoboro itwara amazi, ibimera, inyamaswa, cyangwa bagiteri zisanzwe zibaho mu biyaga no mu bigega.
• Uburyohe bwumunyu - mubisanzwe biterwa na sodium nyinshi, magnesium, cyangwa potasiyumu.

Impamvu ya kabiri abantu bagura filteri yamazi biterwa nimpungenge zimiti yangiza. Nubwo EPA igenga imyanda 90 muri sisitemu yo gutanga amazi rusange, abantu benshi ntibizera ko amazi yabo ashobora gukoreshwa neza nta kuyungurura. Raporo y’ubushakashatsi ivuga ko abantu bemeza ko amazi yungurujwe ari meza (42%) cyangwa yangiza ibidukikije (41%), cyangwa ntibemera ubwiza bw’amazi (37%).

ikibazo cyubuzima

Kudasimbuza akayunguruzo k'amazi bizana ibibazo byubuzima burenze uko bikemura

Ibi bintu bibaho kuko niba akayunguruzo kadasimbuwe buri gihe, bagiteri zangiza nizindi mikorobe zizakura kandi zigwire. Iyo filteri ifunze, irashobora kwangirika, bigatuma habaho kwiyongera kwa bagiteri na chimique byinjira mumazi yo murugo. Gukura cyane kwa bagiteri kwangiza birashobora kwangiza ubuzima bwawe, bigutera ibibazo byo munda, harimo kuruka no gucibwamo.

Akayunguruzo k'amazi karashobora gukuraho imiti myiza kandi mibi

Akayunguruzo k'amazi ntigashobora gutandukanya imiti ifite akamaro kanini ku buzima (nka calcium, magnesium, iyode, na potasiyumu) ​​hamwe n’imiti yangiza (nka gurş na kadmium).

Ni ukubera ko gukoresha akayunguruzo k'amazi kugirango ukureho imiti bishingiye ku bunini bwa pore ya filteri, ikaba ingana n'umwobo muto amazi anyuramo. Tekereza akayunguruzo cyangwa ikiyiko gisohoka. Intoya ntoya, niko imyanda ihumanya. Kurugero, akayunguruzo ka karubone ikora hamwe na microfiltration filter ifite ubunini bwa pome hafi ya micrometero 0.1 [2]; Ubunini bwa pore ya filteri ya osmose ihindagurika ni micrometero 0.0001, zishobora guhagarika imiti ntoya kuruta iyungurura karubone.

Akayunguruzo gashobora guhagarika imiti yose ingana, yaba ingenzi cyangwa yangiza ubuzima. Ibi byabaye ikibazo mu bihugu nka Isiraheli, aho amazi yo mu nyanja akoreshwa cyane nk'amazi yo kunywa. Kurandura amazi yo mu nyanja akoresha sisitemu ya osmose ihindura kugirango akure umunyu mumazi, ariko usibye umunyu, inakuraho ibintu bine byingenzi: fluoride, calcium, iyode, na magnesium. Bitewe no gukoresha amazi menshi yo mu nyanja, Isiraheli yitaye cyane ku kubura iyode no kubura magnesium mu baturage. Kubura iyode birashobora gutuma tiroyide idakora neza, mugihe kubura magnesium bifitanye isano n'indwara z'umutima na diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.

Abaguzi bashaka gukora iki?

Nta gisubizo cyo kumenya niba akayunguruzo k'amazi kagomba kugurwa. Iri ni ihitamo ryumuntu, ukurikije uko umuryango wawe umeze. Ibibazo byingenzi mugihe wiga muyungurura amazi yo murugo ni ubwoko bwa filteri, ingano ya pore, hamwe n’imyanda ihumanya yakuweho.

Ubwoko bwingenzi bwayungurura amazi ni:

Carbone ikora - nubwoko busanzwe bitewe nigiciro cyayo gito nigipimo kinini cya adsorption. Birakwiye gukuraho isasu, mercure, na chlorine, ariko ntibishobora gukuraho nitrate, arsenic, ibyuma biremereye, cyangwa bagiteri nyinshi.

• Hindura osmose - ukoresheje igitutu kugirango ukureho umwanda ukoresheje igice cyinjira. Abahanga mugukuraho imiti myinshi na bagiteri.
• Ultrafiltration - Bisa na osose ihindagurika, ariko ntibisaba imbaraga zo gukora. Ikuraho imiti myinshi kuruta osose.
• Gutobora amazi - gushyushya amazi kugeza aho abira hanyuma ugakusanya imyuka y'amazi mugihe cyegeranye. Birakwiye gukuraho imiti myinshi na bagiteri.
• Akayunguruzo ka Ion - koresha ibisigazwa birimo hydrogène ya hydrogène yuzuye neza kugirango ikurura umwanda - mu koroshya amazi (gukuramo calcium, magnesium, nandi mabuye y'agaciro mumazi ukayasimbuza sodium).
• Imirasire ya UV - Umucyo mwinshi urashobora gukuraho bagiteri, ariko ntishobora gukuraho imiti.

Niba utekereza kugura akayunguruzo k'amazi, urashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byiza cyane:

• Kumakuru rusange, nyamuneka sura urubuga rwa CDC
• Amakuru kubwoko butandukanye bwamazi
• Urutonde rwibicuruzwa
• Icyemezo cyibicuruzwa na National Health Foundation (NSF), umuryango wigenga ushyiraho ibipimo byubuzima rusange kubicuruzwa

Niba waguze akayunguruzo k'amazi cyangwa usanzwe ufite, nyamuneka wibuke kuyisimbuza!